请问美国专利的“371 date”是什么意思，谢谢

是指美国专利法第371条 （35 U.S.C. 371）规定的日期。

35 U.S.C. 371 National stage: Commencement. - Patent Laws

35 U.S.C. 371 National stage: Commencement.
(a) Receipt from the International Bureau of copies of international applications with any amendments to the claims, international search reports, and international preliminary examination reports including any annexes thereto may be required in the case of international applications designating or electing the United States.

(b) Subject to subsection (f) of this section, the national stage shall commence with the expiration of the applicable time limit under article 22 (1) or (2), or under article 39 (1)(a) of the treaty.

(c) The applicant shall file in the Patent and Trademark Office -
(1) the national fee provided in section 41(a) of this title;
(2) a copy of the international application, unless not required under subsection (a) of this section or already communicated by the International Bureau, and a translation into the English language of the international application, if it was filed in another language;
(3) amendments, if any, to the claims in the international application, made under article 19 of the treaty, unless such amendments have been communicated to the Patent and Trademark Office by the International Bureau, and a translation into the English language if such amendments were made in another language;
(4) an oath or declaration of the inventor (or other person authorized under chapter 11 of this title) complying with the requirements of section 115 of this title and with regulations prescribed for oaths or declarations of applicants;
(5) a translation into the English language of any annexes to the international preliminary examination report, if such annexes were made in another language.
(d) The requirement with respect to the national fee referred to in subsection (c)(1), the translation referred to in subsection (c)(2), and the oath or declaration referred to in subsection (c)(4) of this section shall be complied with by the date of the commencement of the national stage or by such later time as may be fixed by the Director. The copy of the international application referred to in subsection (c)(2) shall be submitted by the date of the commencement of the national stage. Failure to comply with these requirements shall be regarded as abandonment of the application by the parties thereof, unless it be shown to the satisfaction of the Director that such failure to comply was unavoidable. The payment of a surcharge may be required as a condition of accepting the national fee referred to in subsection (c)(1) or the oath or declaration referred to in subsection (c)(4) of this section if these requirements are not met by the date of the commencement of the national stage. The requirements of subsection (c)(3) of this section shall be complied with by the date of the commencement of the national stage, and failure to do so shall be regarded as a cancellation of the amendments to the claims in the international application made under article 19 of the treaty. The requirement of subsection (c)(5) shall be complied with at such time as may be fixed by the Director and failure to do so shall be regarded as cancellation of the amendments made under article 34 (2)(b) of the treaty.

(e) After an international application has entered the national stage, no patent may be granted or refused thereon before the expiration of the applicable time limit under article 28 or article 41 of the treaty, except with the expre****onsent of the applicant. The applicant may present amendments to the specification, claims, and drawings of the application after the national stage has commenced.

(f) At the express request of the applicant, the national stage of processing may be commenced at any time at which the application is in order for such purpose and the applicable requirements of subsection (c) of this section have been complied with.

371. 国家阶段：

(a)在指定美国或选择美国之国际申请案，由国际局收受国际申请案之申请专利范围项目之修正、国际检索报告及包括追加案之国际初步审查报告均为申请所需之文件资料。

(b)依本条(f)项规定，国内阶段应起始于依条约第22条(1)或(2)项，或39(1)(a)款规定期限之到期日。

(c)申请人应向专利商标局提出：
(1)依第41条(a)项所述之国内规费；
(2)一份国际申请案之副本，除依本条(a)项规定不需附送，或已由国际局传送者，若以其它国家之语文申请，应附一份英译本。
(3)依条约第19条规定修正之国际申请案之申请专利范围项目之修正本，除该修正本已由国际局传送至专利商标局，若修正本系以其它国语言进行，应附一份英译本。
(4)发明人(或依第11节经授权之其它人)之宣誓书或声明，应符合第115条所需要件，或应符合条例所述之申请人之宣誓书或声明。
(5)附加报告系以其它国家语言提出时，需附一份国际初步审查报告之任何附加报告之英译本。

(d)在本条(c)(1)款所述之国内费用，本条(c)(2)款所述之翻译本，及本条(c)(4)款所述之宣誓书及声明所需要件，均须于国内阶段开始之日起，或由局长所定之较迟时间内符合其内容要件，在(c)(2)款所述之国际申请附本应于国内阶段之开始日提出。若未能符合上述各项所需要件，将被认为该申请人放弃其申请，除其符合局长所认定系因不可避免之原因而未能符合要求。若未能在国内阶段开始时符合其所需要件，则额外规费之收受可视为依本条第(c)(1)款所述之国内费用或依本条(c)(4)款所述之宣誓书或声明所可被接受之条件。申请人应于国内阶段开始之日起即符合本条第(c)(3)款所述规定，若未能符合其规定，即被视为取消依条约第19条所规定之国际申请案之申请专利范围项目之修正。本条第(c)(5)款之规定应于局长所规定之时间内为之，未能符合该规定视为取消依条约第34(2)(b)款所述之修正项目。

(e)除申请人同意外，在国际申请案进入国内阶段后，依条约第28条或第41条所规定之期限内，不得准予或驳回其专利，且申请人得于国内阶段开始后，提出说明书、申请专利范围或图式之修正。

(f)经申请人请求，国内阶段之审查程序得自该申请案已准备就续，且本条第(c)项所需要件均已符合之任何时间开始进行。

非常感谢！